Essential Vaccines for Older Adults: A Guide to Staying Healthy as You Age

Vaccines for Older Adults

As individuals age, the immune system gradually becomes less effective, increasing the likelihood of illness. Vaccinations can play an important role in helping to prevent various diseases and supporting overall health in older adults. In this blog we will explore different types of vaccinations available for older adults for those who choose to receive them.

1. Flu Vaccine (Influenza)

• Annual necessity: Experts advise seniors to get a flu shot every year, as they are more likely to suffer severe complications from the flu.
• High-dose option: Seniors 65 and older can receive a high-dose flu vaccine specifically designed to boost their immune response.

2. Pneumococcal Vaccine

• Prevents pneumonia: This vaccine helps protect against pneumococcal diseases, including pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infections.
• Two types: There are two pneumococcal vaccines (PCV13 and PPSV23) recommended in a sequence, depending on your medical history and risk factors.

1. Doctors typically administer PCV15 or PCV20 as a single dose to adults 65 and older who have not previously received a conjugate vaccine.
2. If a senior receives PCV15, they should get a follow-up dose of PPSV23 at least one year later. If they receive PCV20, they do not need any additional doses.

3. Shingles Vaccine (Herpes Zoster)

• Shingrix vaccine: Prevents shingles, a painful skin rash that can lead to long-term nerve pain. It’s highly recommended for adults over 50.
• Shingles risk: The risk of shingles increases with age, and complications can be more severe in older adults.

4. Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine

• Booster shots: Every 10 years, adults need a tetanus booster. Older adults who haven’t had a Tdap should get it to protect against whooping cough (pertussis).
• Community protection: Helps protect not only the individual but also vulnerable populations like infants.

5. COVID-19 Vaccine and Boosters

• Ongoing need for protection: Older adults, particularly those with underlying health conditions, are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19.
• Boosters: Keep up with the latest guidance on booster shots to maintain strong protection. The second booster is typically recommended 4 to 6 months after the first booster. This may vary based on your health status and the availability of updated vaccines (such as bivalent or variant-specific boosters).

6. RSV Vaccine (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)

• Who’s it for: The CDC recommends a single dose of any FDA-licensed RSV vaccine for all adults ages 75 and older and adults ages 60-74 at increased risk of severe RSV.

7. Other Important Vaccines

• Hepatitis A and B: Some seniors may need these vaccines depending on health conditions, lifestyle, or travel plans.
• Meningococcal vaccine: May be necessary for older adults in certain risk groups.

We encourage regular conversations with your healthcare provider about staying up-to-date with vaccines. Vaccines prevent illness, reduces the severity of illness, hospitalization, and long-term complications, and improves the quality of life for older adults. Talk to your doctor to see which vaccines are right for you.

FAQs

Q: How often should I get the shingles vaccine?

A: Seniors typically receive the shingles vaccine once as a two-dose series:

• Shingrix is the recommended vaccine for preventing shingles in adults aged 50 and older.
• The two doses of Shingrix are given 2 to 6 months apart.

Once the two doses are completed, no booster shots are currently recommended, and the protection is considered long-lasting. It’s best to consult a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.

Q: How often do I need to get the Pneumococcal Vaccine?

A: For those with certain health conditions or a weakened immune system, the timing and number of doses may differ, so it’s important to consult a healthcare provider. Seniors typically receive the pneumococcal vaccine once or twice in their lifetime, depending on their health and vaccination history. 

Q: How Often do I get the RSV Vaccine?

A: The RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) vaccine is currently recommended as a single dose for adults aged 75 and older. As of now, there is no guidance for regular booster shots, so you typically only need to get it once.

Q: Can I get my RSV, Pneumococcal, COVID-19, Influenza vaccines at the same time?

A: Yes, you can receive these vaccines during the same visit. It’s important to consult your healthcare provider to determine the best vaccination schedule based on your individual needs. Other vaccines may require separate appointments to avoid side effects or ensure optimal immune response.

CDC Recommended Vaccines